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Revisiting Old PI ideas

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  • Revisiting Old PI ideas

    The recent post by Eclipse enquiring about the 'Compensating Pulse', prompted me to look through my old notebooks from 1970's. In 1976 there was a couple of pages describing an auto-zero circuit that I tried, and which had some interesting properties. As you can see on the second page it causes the output of the first amplifier to pivot around the point where the sample is taken when a metal target is introduced. The 709 generates a negative waveform that decays upward to zero for short/medium decays, while long decays cross over to give an additional positive response when beyond the mid point of S2.

    Extending this idea and the introduction of another later sample gate/integrator channel gives the possibility of separating decays into short and long categories, particularly if the auto-zero sample S2 is moved closer to S1. Further to that, maybe we have the basis of a simple ground balance arrangement where the pivot point S2 is moved to a point near S1 such that the sample amplitude is the same as for that at the 3rd gate (S3) and then subtracted. This has not been tried as yet, but could be easily tested; with modern devices, of course.

    Eric.

    Click image for larger version

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  • #2
    Interesting concept and looks to be a feasible option for the simple ground balance as you mentioned. Gonna have to breadboard this up and play a little..

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    • #3
      AutoPulse 1

      This receiver circuit was used in an early 1970's detector that went into production. It was very popular as it was so easy to use; plugging in the phones switched it on and the only control was a small trimmer which adjusted the audio threshold level. There was an internal square wave inverter circuit that developed +12V and -5V for the RX and a square wave was picked off that to supply the audio transistor.
      It was the first PI to use 'motion mode', i.e. the coil had to be kept swinging otherwise the signal would zero out. It had a fast response even for the low pulse rate used at that time.
      Although it was only single channel sampling it was not unduly bothered by the earth's field effect, unless you rotated the coil quickly. Most units were supplied with a 200uH 8in coil pulsed at 4A. Power was a 8.4V NiCad battery pack.
      At that time, beaches were virgin territory and users found large numbers of rings and coins.

      Today, E113 = J113. 1N914 = 1N4148. OA47 = BAT85 or equivalent
      Click image for larger version

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      • #4
        Hi Eric
        Can you explain what "C440 electronics" from your sketch here mean? Thanks.

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        • #5
          Yes. C440 was the type number of another PI detector which was non-motion and had a manually adjusted zero. Other detectors around that time were C400, C410 and C420. Those had dual sampling and C410 was a diver held unit.
          The reference to the C440 was that the TX and psu arrangement (except the battery type) was the same. All types at that time used a 2N3055 transistor for the coil pulses. They varied quite a bit between manufacturers with Motorola being the best for this application.

          Eric.

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          • #6
            Originally posted by Ferric Toes View Post
            ...They varied quite a bit between manufacturers with Motorola being the best for this application.
            Eric.

            True! I remember that from quite another story; audio power amplifiers that i made in early '90s.
            Motorola transistor 2N3055 was way ahead in performances.

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