In disposable vapes (electronic cigarettes), there are batteries with low internal resistance. Their capacity is from 280 mAh to 850mAh . They are excellent for powering metal detectors, even small drones. A charger for lithium-ion batteries - https://simplemetaldetector.com/batt...?cn-reloaded=1 - it is a current generator. With resistors R4 and R6 - to be above 1 ohm, the charging current is adjusted. I never charge the batteries quickly - for example, I charge a 550 mAh battery with a current of no more than 100mA. I attach the batteries with paper tape in a set. Both poles of each battery go to the female connector (To avoid accidental short circuit) of the set formed in this way (there is no electrical connection between the batteries). The connection to the female connector is like this - pin 1 is connected to + on battery one; pin 2 - + on battery two; pin 3 is - on battery one; pin 4 is - on battery two; pin 5 is + on battery three; pin 6 is + on battery four; pin 7 is - on battery three; pin 8 is - on battery four. The male connector that connects them in series has shorted pins 2 and 3; 4 and 5; 6 and 7. pin 8 is minus, and pin 1 is + 16 volts. I charge them in parallel with another male connector, on which pins 1, 2, 5, 6 are shorted - they are connected to + on the charger. pins 3,4,7, 8 are shorted - to - on the charger. According to this principle, I charge 2 batteries to power a multimeter (instead of the expensive 6F22, 9V). This method of operation completely eliminates the appearance of a difference in the battery charge after several charge-discharge cycles. It is even better if the + terminal of each individual battery goes to the + of the charger through a resistor of 1 to 4.7 ohms (this is done if the batteries are from different manufacturers or different production series). I have been working with these free batteries in this way for more than 6 years. By changing one resistor in the phone (smartphone) charger, I reduce the battery charging current. My Nokia 6070 - manufactured in 2006 - still works with the original battery ! I charge it with a current of 150 mA. True - now it lasts about 3-4 days between charges, but this is at least 18 years of operation! 

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